![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.htt.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/1-28.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.htt.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2-21.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u529f\u80fd\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u3001\u7ea4\u7ef4\u72b6\u80fd\u6e90\u5668\u4ef6\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u808c\u8089\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f7b\u8d28\u5bfc\u7535\u7ebf\u7f06\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5355\u6839\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u5230\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\uff0c\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u5728\u529b\u3001\u7535\u3001\u70ed\u7b49\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u6548\u7387\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u523010%\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u660e\u6670\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u5de5\u827a-\u7ed3\u6784-\u6027\u80fd\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u82cf\u5dde\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u7eb3\u7c73\u4eff\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u674e\u6e05\u6587\u56e2\u961f\u81ea2007\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u9886\u57df\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u8be5\u56e2\u961f\u5e94\u9080\u5728\u300a\u5148\u8fdb\u6750\u6599\u300b\uff08Advanced Materials\uff09\u671f\u520a\u64b0\u5199\u7efc\u8ff0\u6587\u7ae0\uff08DOI:10.1002\/adma. 201902028\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u987e\u8fc7\u53bb\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u5f00\u5c55\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5173\u952e\u505a\u4e86\u5c55\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u56de\u987e\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u8f83\u65e9\u5f00\u5c55\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7814\u7a76\u30022000\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u6e7f\u6cd5\u7eba\u4e1d\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u5236\u5907\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u542b\u91cf\u9ad8\u8fbe50%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u62c9\u5f00\u4e86\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55\u30022002\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u5434\u5fb7\u6d77\u56e2\u961f\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f26\u65af\u52d2\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388P. M. Ajayan\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u6d6e\u52a8\u5316\u5b66\u6c14\u76f8\u6c89\u79ef\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u76f4\u5f84\u7ea6\u4e3a300\u81f3500\u5fae\u7c73\u7684\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u675f\uff0c\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u8fbe\u523020\u5398\u7c73\uff1b\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u8303\u5b88\u5584\u56e2\u961f\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u4ece\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u9635\u5217\u62c9\u4e1d\u5236\u5907\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b2004\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u674e\u4e9a\u5229\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u8bbf\u5b66\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0eAlan Windle\u6559\u6388\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6d6e\u52a8\u50ac\u5316\u5316\u5b66\u6c14\u76f8\u6c89\u79ef\u6cd5\u8fde\u7eed\u5236\u5907\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u3002\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u6e7f\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u7eaf\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5de5\u827a\u30022018\u5e74\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u9b4f\u98de\u56e2\u961f\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5398\u7c73\u7ea7\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ba1\u675f\uff0c\u5176\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fbe\u523080 GPa\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u81ea2000\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6210\u529f\u5b9e\u73b0\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ec4\u88c5\u540e\uff0c\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fc5\u901f\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u572820\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5927\u4f53\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7eba\u4e1d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u9636\u6bb5\u2014\u2014\u57fa\u4e8e\u51dd\u56fa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6e7f\u6cd5\u7eba\u4e1d\u3001\u5229\u7528\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u5782\u76f4\u9635\u5217\u7684\u62bd\u4e1d\u7eba\u7eb1\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9884\u5f62\u6210\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7eba\u4e1d\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5236\u5907\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u9488\u5bf9\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5b8f\u91cf\u8fde\u7eed\u5236\u5907\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u4ee5\u53ca\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u5f53\u524d\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5df2\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u653b\u5173\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5543\u4e0b\u786c\u9aa8\u5934\u9700\u8981\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea7\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7eba\u4e1d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u6781\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7ec4\u88c5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5176\u5fae\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u5728\u7ea4\u7ef4\u4e2d\u7684\u53d6\u5411\u5ea6\u3001\u7d27\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u7ea0\u7f20\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5f84\u5411\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5dee\u5f02\u3001\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u8c8c\u7b49\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u6027\u66f4\u52a0\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u7269\u6027\u3002\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6539\u8fdb\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ec4\u88c5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ba1\u95f4\u7684\u529b\u3001\u7535\u3001\u70ed\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u8c03\u63a7\uff0c\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5355\u6839\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u529b\u3001\u7535\u3001\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u3002\u5728\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6eb6\u5242\u81f4\u5bc6\u5316\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u81f4\u5bc6\u5316\u3001\u9010\u7ea7\u7275\u4f38\u3001\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5185\u5f15\u5165\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7ba1\u95f4\u8bf1\u5bfc\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ea4\u7ef4\u65ad\u88c2\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u5f39\u6027\u6a21\u91cf\u7684\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5185\u6781\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u754c\u9762\u7ed3\u6784\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8017\u6563\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u8584\u819c\u548c\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\uff09\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4f20\u7edf\u78b3\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6240\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u963b\u5c3c\u3001\u8815\u53d8\u7b49\u52a8\u6001\u529b\u5b66\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u521a\u67d4\u5e76\u6d4e\u7684\u53cc\u529f\u80fd\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u7eb1\u7ebf\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u67d4\u6027\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u65cb\u8f6c\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u751f\u7269\u7535\u6781\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u8fd8\u662f\u4f18\u826f\u7684\u201c\u5bfc\u201d\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u5bfc\u7535\u7279\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63ba\u6742\u624b\u6bb5\u62d3\u5bbd\u7ba1\u95f4\u7535\u5b50\u8dc3\u8fc1\u901a\u9053\u540e\uff0c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5728\u6bd4\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u6709\u671b\u8d85\u8d8a\u91d1\u5c5e\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u6781\u9650\uff0c\u5728\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u5bfc\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u53d1\u5c55\u4f18\u52bf\uff1b\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7684\u590d\u5408\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u5feb\u901f\u5bfc\u70ed\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u590d\u5408\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u6781\u9650\u8f7d\u6d41\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u8d85\u5927\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6709\u671b\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u91d1\u5c5e\u5bfc\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u5bfc\u70ed\u7279\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7ec4\u88c5\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7ea4\u7ef4\u8868\u9762\u7684\u70ed\u8f90\u5c04\u5c24\u4e3a\u663e\u8457\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e2d\u8868\u89c2\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u524d\u8005\u968f\u6837\u54c1\u5c3a\u5bf8\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u6563\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb\u7ba1\u95f4\u58f0\u5b50\u8f93\u8fd0\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5bfc\u70ed\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8be5\u7efc\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u529b\u3001\u7535\u3001\u70ed\u6027\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u672a\u6765\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u52a0\u5de5\u2014\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u6027\u80fd\u4e09\u8005\u5185\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7269\u6027\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7a81\u7834\u3001\u5668\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u53d6\u5f97\u591a\u9879\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba4\u77e5\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u7eba\u4e1d\u5de5\u827a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f9d\u7136\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5fc5\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6f5c\u529b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u672a\u6765\u8d85\u5f3a\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u78b3\u57fa\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u7840\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5c06\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u5b8f\u89c2\u4f53 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fzkj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=90467"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90470,"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90467\/revisions\/90470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=90467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=90467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.htt.hk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=90467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}